@article {152,
	title = {Population structure and reproductive strategy of two multiple-stemmed rattans of C{\^o}te d{\textquoteright}Ivoire},
	journal = {PalmsPalms},
	volume = {53},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {20-30},
	isbn = {1523-4495},
	author = {Kouassi, Kouadio I and Barot, S{\'e}bastien and Bi, IA Zoro}
}
@article {35,
	title = {<i>Medemia argun</i>--Past, Present and Future},
	journal = {PalmsPalms},
	volume = {53},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {9},
	isbn = {1523-4495},
	author = {Ibrahim, HAITHAM and Baker, William J}
}
@article {48,
	title = {Decaying Raphia farinifera palm trees provide a source of sodium for wild chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda},
	journal = {PLoS ONEPLoS ONE},
	volume = {4},
	number = {7},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {e6194},
	isbn = {1932-6203},
	author = {Reynolds, Vernon and Lloyd, Andrew W and Babweteera, Fred and English, Christopher J}
}
@article {14,
	title = {Discovering Africa{\textquoteright}s newest palm},
	journal = {PalmsPalms},
	volume = {53},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {37-45},
	isbn = {1523-4495},
	author = {Bayton, Ross P and Ou{\'e}draogo, Amad{\'e}}
}
@article {20,
	title = {Climate change sensitivity of the African ivory nut palm, <i>Hyphaene petersiana</i> Klotzsch ex Mart. (Arecaceae) a keystone species in SE Africa},
	journal = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental ScienceIOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {012014},
	abstract = {Africa is the most vulnerable continent to future climate change. Profound changes are projected for southwestern Africa with increased drying, notably with delayed onset of the rainy season in September-November, and temperature increases in all seasons. The projected climate changes combined with land-use changes are thought to constitute the main threats to biodiversity in the 21st century. To be able to predict the potential impact on biodiversity, it is crucial to achieve a better insight into the controls of contemporary species ranges. Using species distribution modeling, we assessed the climate sensitivity of the key-stone palm species Hyphaene petersiana (African ivory nut palm) in southern Africa. We tested the relative roles of climate vs. non-climatic range-controls and found that climate had a clear effect on the range of H. petersiana and that especially water-related variables (annual precipitation and precipitation driest quarter) were of high importance. Nevertheless, latitude was the overall most dominant variable, reflecting spatial constraints on the continental-scale distribution. Of the remaining non-climatic factors, soil type and human influence were as important as the climatic factors. A future decrease in annual precipitation below 400 mm and hydrological changes towards drier conditions could cause a dramatic decline in H. petersiana populations, while the influence of temperature changes is less clear. The ongoing, unsustainable utilization pressures on this palm species by humans and livestock are likely to exacerbate the negative effect of future climate changes on its populations, especially, given the expected human population increase in Africa.},
	isbn = {1755-1315},
	author = {A Blach-Overgaard and J-C Svenning and H Balslev}
}
@article {9,
	title = {Complete generic-level phylogenetic analyses of palms (Arecaceae) with comparisons of supertree and supermatrix approaches},
	journal = {Systematic BiologySystematic Biology},
	volume = {58},
	number = {2},
	year = {2009},
	month = {April 1, 2009},
	pages = {240-256},
	abstract = {Supertree and supermatrix methods have great potential in the quest to build the tree of life and yet they remain controversial, with most workers opting for one approach or the other, but rarely both. Here, we employed both methods to construct phylogenetic trees of all genera of palms (Arecaceae/Palmae), an iconic angiosperm family of great economic importance. We assembled a supermatrix consisting of 16 partitions, comprising DNA sequence data, plastid restriction fragment length polymorphism data, and morphological data for all genera, from which a highly resolved and well-supported phylogenetic tree was built despite abundant missing data. To construct supertrees, we used variants of matrix representation with parsimony (MRP) analysis based on input trees generated directly from subsamples of the supermatrix. All supertrees were highly resolved. Standard MRP with bootstrap-weighted matrix elements performed most effectively in this case, generating trees with the greatest congruence with the supermatrix tree and fewest clades unsupported by any input tree. Nonindependence due to input trees based on combinations of data partitions was an acceptable trade-off for improvements in supertree performance. Irreversible MRP and the use of strictly independent input trees only provided no obvious benefits. Contrary to previous claims, we found that unsupported clades are not infrequent under some MRP implementations, with up to 13\% of clades lacking support from any input tree in some irreversible MRP supertrees. To build a formal synthesis, we assessed the cross-corroboration between supermatrix trees and the variant supertrees using semistrict consensus, enumerating shared clades and compatible clades. The semistrict consensus of the supermatrix tree and the most congruent supertree contained 160 clades (of a maximum of 204), 137 of which were present in both trees. The relationships recovered by these trees strongly support the current phylogenetic classification of palms. We evaluate 2 composite supertree support measures (rQS and V) and conclude that it is more informative to report numbers of input trees that support or conflict with a given supertree clade. This study demonstrates that supertree and supermatrix methods can provide effective, explicit, and complimentary mechanisms for synthesizing disjointed phylogenetic evidence while emphasizing the need for further refinement of supertree methods.},
	author = {Baker, William J. and Savolainen, Vincent and Asmussen-Lange, Conny B. and Chase, Mark W. and Dransfield, John and Forest, Felix and Harley, Madeline M. and Uhl, Natalie W. and Wilkinson, Mark}
}
